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Which Big Countries Owe the Most, and Who Pays the Most to Borrow? Debt, Rates and Inflation, 2026

Oct 18, 2026

Japan owes about 205% of its GDP but borrows for 10 years at about 2.9%. Brazil owes far less and pays about 13%. France now pays more than Italy. And the US federal government spent $1.05 trillion on interest in fiscal 2026, more than on defense. Here are the 10 biggest economies by debt, borrowing cost and inflation.

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